巴西专利BR112013012340B1 METHOD OPERABLE BY A USER FIRST EQUIPMENT FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION, WIRELESS COMMUNICATION DEVICE

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专利摘要:
Channel quality-based association rules for wan and point-to-point communication are provided techniques for association decisions by a user equipment (ue) or similar. in one example, a method is provided which may involve discovering a pair of ues, and determining a first metric for the pair of ues. the method may further involve determining a second metric for a base station on a wireless area network (wan). the method may further involve deciding whether to associate with the ue pair for point-to-point (p2p) communication or the wan for communication via the base station, based on the first and second metric. for example, the first metric can be determined based on the power received from the UE pair in the first UE, and the second metric can be determined based on the power received from the base station in the first UE.
公开号:BR112013012340B1
申请号:R112013012340-0
申请日:2011-11-16
公开日:2022-01-04
发明作者:Anastasios Stamoulis；Stefan Geirhofer；Jaber Mohammad Borran
申请人:Qualcomm Incorporated；
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专利说明:

Priority Claim in Compliance with 35 USC §119
[0001] This patent application claims priority to Provisional Application No. 61/415.117, filed on November 18, 2010, entitled "ASSOCIATION RULES BASED ON CHANNEL QUALITY FOR PEER-TO-PEER AND WAN COMMUNICATION", which is assigned to the present assignee and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present description refers generally to communication, and more specifically, to techniques to support point-to-point (P2P) communication and wireless area network (WAN) communication. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE
[0003] Wireless communication networks are widely used to provide various communication content such as voice, video, packet data, message exchange, broadcast, etc. These wireless networks can be multiple access networks capable of supporting multiple users by sharing available network resources. Examples of such multiple access networks include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) networks; Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) networks; Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) networks; Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) systems; and Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) networks.
[0004] A wireless communication network may include a number of base stations that can support communication to a number of user equipment (UEs). A UE can communicate with a base station over a downlink and an uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers to a communication link from the base station to the UE, and the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the base station. The UE may also be able to communicate peer-to-peer with one or more other UEs. It may be desirable to efficiently support P2P communication between UEs and WAN communication between UEs and base stations. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects to provide a basic understanding of those aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all aspects considered, and it is not intended to identify essential or crucial elements of all aspects or to outline the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[0006] In accordance with one or more aspects of the embodiments described herein, an association decision method operable by a mobile entity, such as, for example, a user equipment (UE) or the like is provided. The method may involve discovering a UE pair, and determining a first metric for the UE pair. The method may also involve determining a second metric for a base station on a wireless area network (WAN). The method further involves deciding whether to join the UE pair for point-to-point (P2P) communication or a WAN for communication via the base station based on the first and second metric. In related aspects, an electronic device (eg, a UE or its component(s)) can be configured to perform the methodology described above.
[0007] In related aspects, the step of determining the first metric for the UE pair involves: receiving a P2P signal from the UE pair; performing measurements of the received power of the received P2P signal; and determine the first metric based on the measurements. In further related aspects, the step of determining the first metric may involve determining the first metric based on the received power of the UE pair at the first UE. The step of determining the second metric may involve determining the second metric based on the power received from the base station at the first UE.
[0008] In still further related aspects, the step of determining the first metric may involve determining the first metric based on the path loss between the UE pair and the first UE. The step of determining the second metric may involve determining the second metric based on the path loss between the base station and the first UE. In still further related aspects, the step of determining the first metric may involve determining the first metric based on a long-term channel gain for the UE pair. The step of determining the second metric may involve determining the second metric based on a long-term channel gain to the base station.
[0009] For the realization of the foregoing and related purposes, the one or more aspects comprises features hereinafter fully described and particularly noted in the claims. The following description and the accompanying drawings set out in detail some illustrative features of one or more aspects. These characteristics are indicative, however, of only a few of the many ways in which the principles of the various aspects can be employed, and this description is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] Figure 1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of a telecommunications system.
[0011] Figure 2 is a call flow diagram for an exemplary technique for making association decisions for P2P communication or WAN communication.
[0012] Figure 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus to support association decisions.
[0013] Figure 4A illustrates an exemplary association decision methodology executable by a UE or the like.
[0014] Figures 4B-C illustrate additional aspects of the methodology of Figure 4A.
[0015] Figure 5 illustrates details of a modality of a radio network including a UE and an eNB that can be configured for association decisions (eg for P2P communication or WAN communication).
[0016] Figure 6 shows a modality of an apparatus for association decisions, according to the methodology of Figures 4A-C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0017] Techniques to support P2P communication and WAN communication are described here. These techniques can be used for various wireless communication networks, such as CDMA, TDMA, (FDMA), OFDMA, SC-FDMA, and other networks. The terms, “network” and “system” are often used interchangeably. A CDMA network may implement a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), cdma2000, etc. UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA), Time Division Synchronous CDMA and other variants of CDMA. cdma2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95 and IS-856 standards. A TDMA network may implement a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). An OFDMA network can implement a radio technology such as Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM®, etc. . UTRA and E-UTRA form part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). Long Term Evolution (LTE) 3GPP and LTE-Evolved (LTE-A) in both frequency division duplexing and time division duplexing (TDD) are new versions of UMTS that use E-UTRA, which employs OFDMA on the link downlink and SC-FDMA on the uplink. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A and GSM are described in documents from an organization called “3rd Generation Partnership Project” (3GPP). cdma2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization called “3rd Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2). The techniques described here can be used for the wireless networks and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as other wireless networks and radio technologies.
[0018] Figure 1 shows a wireless communication network 100, which may be a wide area network (WAN) such as an LTE network or some other type of WAN. Wireless network 100 may include a number of base stations and other network entities. For simplicity, only three base stations 110x, 110y and 110z and a network controller 130 are shown in Figure 1. A base station can be an entity that communicates with UEs and can also be referred to as a node, a Node B, an Evolved B Node (eNB), an access point, etc. Each base station can provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area and can support communication for UEs located within the coverage area. In 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to a base station coverage area and/or a base station subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In 3GPP2, the term “sector” or “cell sector” can refer to a coverage area of a base station and/or a base station subsystem serving that coverage area. For clarity, the 3GPP concept of “cell” is used in this description.
[0019] A base station can provide communication coverage for macro cell, pico cell, femto cell and/or other cell types. A macro cell can cover a relatively large geographic area (eg, several kilometers in radius) and can allow unrestricted access by UEs with a service subscription. A pico cell can cover a relatively small geographic area and can allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (eg, a household) and may allow restricted access by UEs having membership in the femto cell (eg, the UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). In the example shown in Figure 1, wireless network 100 includes macro base stations 110a, 110b, and 110c for macro cells. Wireless network 100 may also include pico base stations for pico cells and/or femto base stations/resident base stations for femto cells (not shown in Figure 1).
[0020] Wireless network 100 may also include relay stations. A relay station may be an entity that receives a transmission of data from an upstream station (e.g. a base station or a UE) and sends a transmission of the data to a downstream station ) (e.g. a UE or a base station). A relay station can also be a UE that relays transmissions to other UEs. A relay station may also be referred to as a node, a relay, a relay base station, etc.
[0021] Wireless network 100 may be a homogeneous network that includes base stations of the same type, eg macro base stations. Wireless network 100 can also be a heterogeneous network that includes base stations of different types, e.g., macro base stations, pico base stations, femto base stations, relay stations, etc. These different types of base stations can have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and different impact on interference on the wireless network 100. For example, macro base stations can have a high transmit power level (for example, 20 Watts or +43 dBm), peak base stations and relay stations may have a lower transmit power level (e.g. 2 Watts or +33 dBm), and source base stations and UEs may have a lower power level lower transmission (for example, 0.2 Watts or +23 dBm). Different types of base stations may belong to different power classes having different maximum transmit power levels.
[0022] Network controller 130 can couple to a set of base stations and can provide coordination and control for those base stations. Network controller 130 may communicate with base stations over a return transport channel. Base stations can also communicate with each other over the return transport channel.
[0023] The UEs 120 may be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. A UE may also be referred to as a terminal, a mobile station, a subscriber unit, a station, etc. A UE can be a cell phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local circuit (WLL) station. ), a smartphone, a netbook, a smartbook, etc. A UE may be able to communicate with base stations, relay stations, other UEs, etc.
[0024] In this description, P2P communication refers to direct communication between two or more UEs, without going through a network entity such as a base station or a relay station. WAN communication refers to communication between a UE and a remote station (e.g., another UE) through at least one network entity such as a base station or a relay station. A node can be a base station, a relay station, a UE, etc.
[0025] Conventional WANs do not support direct communication between UEs. Therefore, any traffic from UE to UE is first transmitted by a source UE to its serving base station and subsequently by the same base station or a different base station to a destination UE. This WAN-centric approach is natural and has proven to be effective in many cases, especially if the UEs are located very far apart.
[0026] However, direct communication between UEs can offer efficiency and other advantages if the UEs are in close proximity. In particular, efficiency can be improved for direct communication because the path loss between two UEs can be substantially less than the path loss between each UE and its nearest base station. Additionally, efficiency can be improved because only a single transmit “hop” is needed for direct communication between two UEs whereas two transmit hops are needed for WAN communication - one transmit hop on the uplink, from the UE source to your server base station; and another downlink transmission hop from the same or different base station to the destination UE.
[0027] A UE can support P2P communication and can detect the pair of UEs, for example when the UE operates in a P2P mode or is guided by an end user. If the UE discovers a UE pair, then the UE can attempt to communicate with the UE pair. However, the channel quality between the two UEs may be insufficient, and the communication between the UEs may be of insufficient quality and may also adversely impact the operation of other UEs on the wireless network.
[0028] In one aspect, a UE may make an association decision to engage in P2P communication or WAN communication. The association decision can have a broad impact on network performance and can be made based on association rules defined to limit complexity in the UE while providing good network performance. In a project, association rules can be defined based on one or more simple criteria, which can be related to channel quality and described below.
[0029] Figure 2 shows a flow diagram of a design of a process 200 to make an association decision for P2P communication or WAN communication. A UE 120x can perform peer discovery to detect for other UEs (step 1). The peer discovery process may include (i) transmitting a peer detection signal by the UE 120x to allow other UEs to detect the presence of the UE 120x, and/or (ii) detecting the peer detection signals transmitted by other UEs to advertise your presence and/or services. UE 120x may detect a pair of UE 120y from the pair discovery process.
[0030] UE 120x can receive and measure a P2P signal from the UE 120y pair (step 2). The P2P signal may comprise the pair detection signal, a reference/pilot signal, and/or some other signal from the UE pair 120y. Measurement can be for received power, received signal quality, etc. Received power can also be referred to as received signal strength, pilot strength, etc. Received signal quality can be quantified by a carrier/interference ratio (C/I), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-noise and interference ratio (SINR), carrier over thermal (CoT), etc. For clarity, much of the description below refers to C/I for received signal quality. Received power and received signal quality can be two exemplary measures of channel quality.
[0031] UE 120x can also search for base stations nearby and can detect base station 110y. UE 120x can receive and measure a WAN signal from base station 110y (step 3). In general, steps 1, 2 and 3 in Figure 2 can be performed in any order. Steps 1 and 2 can be performed separately, as shown in Figure 2. Step 2 can also be part of step 1, and UE 120x can perform measurements for the UE 120y pair during the pair discovery process.
[0032] UE 120x can compute metric for UE pair 120y and base station 110y based on measurements for UE pair and base station (step 4). The metric can refer to channel quality and can be computed as described below. The UE 120x may make a decision to associate with the UE pair 120y for P2P communication or the WAN for communication via the base station 110y (step 5). The association decision can be based on association rules, which can be defined based on the metric for pair of UE 120y and base station 110y.
[0033] UE 120x can communicate directly with UE pair 120y if a decision is made to join the UE pair (step 6A). Alternatively, UE 120x can communicate through base station 110y if a decision is made to join the WAN (step 6B).
[0034] In general, association rules can be defined based on any number of criteria and with any criteria. However, it may be desirable to use simple criteria based on measurements that can be easily made by the UE 120x to reduce complexity. Some exemplary association rules based on simple criteria are described below.
[0035] In a project, association rules can be defined based on received power. In this design, a metric for each node can correspond to the power received from that node at a UE by making an association decision. In the example shown in Figure 2, UE 120x may measure received power from UE pair 120y and may also measure received power from base station 110y. The UE 120x can then make an association decision based on the maximum power received. Particularly, UE 120x can associate with UE pair 120y and communicate peer-to-peer if the received power from UE pair 120y is greater than the power received from base station 110y. Conversely, UE 120x can join the WAN and communicate through base station 110y if the power received from base station 110y is greater than the power received from the UE pair 120y. As macro base stations typically have a much higher transmit power level than UEs (e.g. +43 dBm for macro stations versus +23 dBm for UEs), association decisions based on received power may tend more toward to WAN communication.
[0036] In another project, association rules can be defined based on path loss. In this design, a metric for each node can correspond to the path loss between that node and a UE making an association decision. In the example shown in Figure 2, the UE 120x can measure the received power of the UE 120y pair and can determine the path loss between the UE 120x and the UE 120y based on the difference between the transmit power (in dBm) of the UE 120y and the received power (in dBm) of the UE 120y. UE 120x may also measure received power from base station 110y and may determine path loss between base station 110y and UE 120x based on the difference between the transmit power (in dBm) of base station 110y and the received power. (in dBm) from the 120y base station. The UE 120x can then make an association decision based on the minimum path loss. Specifically, UE 120x may associate with the UE 120y pair and communicate peer-to-peer if the path loss between UE 120x and UE 120y is less than the path loss between base station 110y and UE 120x. Conversely, UE 120x may join the WAN and communicate through base station 110y if the path loss for base station 110y is less than the path loss for the UE pair 120y. As path loss considers the transmit power level of each node, association decisions based on path loss may tend more towards P2P communication.
[0037] If the path loss between UE 120x and UE 120y is small, then P2P communication would likely be beneficial since relatively low transmit power may be sufficient to overcome noise and interference at each UE's receiver. In such a scenario, P2P communication between UE 120x and UE 120y may generate a small amount of interference to other UEs operating on the same frequency. To reduce interference, the transmit power of each UE can be controlled not to exceed the transmit power level necessary to obtain good performance over the P2P link between the two UEs.
[0038] In a design, an offset can be used to bias association decisions more towards the WAN or UE pair. The offset can be (i) a fixed value that is used all the time or (ii) a configurable value that can change gradually. The offset can be applied to all UEs and can be broadcast to the UEs or specified in a pattern. The offset may also be configurable for each UE (e.g. through higher layers) and may be signaled to the UE. The offset can also be applied to the metric for the UE pair or the metric for the base station and can marginally increase the association complexity.
[0039] Table 1 lists exemplary values of various parameters of base station 110y and UE 120y that are pertinent for association. In the example shown in Table 1, base station 110y has a transmit power level of +43 dBm and an antenna gain of 13 dB. The path loss between base station 110y and UE 120x is 100 dB, and the received power from base station 110y at UE 120x is -44 dBm. The UE 120y pair has a transmit power level of +23 dBm and an antenna gain of 0 dBm. The path loss between UE 120x and UE 120y is 70 dB, and the received power from the UE 120y pair at UE 120x is -47 dBm. Table 1

[0040] In the example shown in Table 1, if association rules are defined based on received power, then UE 120x would associate with the WAN and communicate through base station 110y since the received power of -44 dBm from the base station 110y is greater than the -47 dBm received power of the UE 120y pair at the UE 120x. However, if association rules are defined based on path loss, then UE 120x would associate with UE pair 120x and communicate peer-to-peer since the 70 dB path loss for UE 120y pair is less. than the 100 dB path loss for base station 110y. As illustrated by the example in Table 1, different metric can favor association with different nodes and can result in different association by UE 120x. In particular, the example in Table 1 shows that received power favors allocation to the WAN while path loss favors allocation to the UE pair.
[0041] In the example shown in Table 1, an offset of 5 dB can be applied to the received power of the UE pair 120y, and no offset can be applied to the power received from the base station 110y. A tuned received power from UE pair 120y would then be -42 dBm, and a tuned received power from base station 110y would be -44 dBm. If association rules are defined based on offset received power, then UE 120x would associate with UE 120y pair and communicate peer-to-peer once the -42 dBm adjusted received power of UE 120y is greater than the -44 dBm adjusted received power from base station 110y at UE 120x. As illustrated by the example in Table 1, the offset applied to the received power of the UE pair 120y can shift the trend towards favoring association with the UE pair. In particular, the example in Table 1 shows that UE 120x can join the WAN using association rules based on received power without offset, but can associate with the UE pair using association rules based on received power with offset.
[0042] Table 1 shows an example in which an offset of 5 dB is applied to the received power of the UE pair 120y. An offset of 33 dB can compensate for the different transmit power levels and different antenna gains of the base station 110y and the UE pair 120y. Therefore, an offset of 33 dB applied to the received power of the UE pair 120y would result in association based on maximum received power with offset being equivalent to association based on minimum path loss without displacement. In general, an offset can be applied to received power, path loss, or some other metric. An offset can also be applied to base station or UE pair metrics.
[0043] In yet another design, association rules can be defined based on long-term channel gain/intensity. A node's channel gain can be related to the node's path loss (for example, a path loss of 100 dB can correspond to a signal channel gain of -100 dB). In this design, a metric for each node can correspond to the long-term channel gain for that node in a UE making an association decision. In the example shown in Figure 2 , the UE 120x can measure and average the received power of the UE pair 120y and can determine the GUE long-term channel gain for the UE 120y. UE 120x may also measure and average the power received from base station 110y and may determine the GBS long-term channel gain for base station 110y. UE 120x may determine a channel difference, which may be the difference between the long-term channel gain (in dB) for base station 110y and the long-term channel gain (in dB) for UE 120y, or ChanDiff = GBS-GUE. The UE 120x can then make an association decision based on the channel difference. Particularly, UE 120x can associate with UE 120y pair and communicate peer-to-peer if the channel difference is greater (or less) than a threshold. On the other hand, UE 120x can join the WAN and communicate through base station 110y if the channel difference is less (or greater) than the threshold. The use of “major” or “minor” inequality depends on whether the trend is toward WAN membership or UE pairing.
[0044] In yet another project, association rules can be defined based on either short-term or long-term C/I. In this design, a metric for each node can correspond to the C/I of that node in a UE by making an association decision. In the example shown in Figure 2, the UE 120x can measure (and possibly average) the C/I of the UE 120y pair. The UE 120x can also measure (and possibly average) the C/I of the base station 110y. UE 120x can measure the C/I of each node based on a reference signal/pilot, or a control channel, or a data channel, or a combination thereof from the node. The UE 120x can then make an association decision based on the maximum C/I. Particularly, UE 120x can associate with UE 120y pair and communicate peer-to-peer if the C/I of UE 120y is better than the C/I of base station 110y. On the other hand, UE 120x can join the WAN and communicate through base station 110y if the C/I of UE 120y is worse than the C/I of base station 110y.
[0045] Association rules can also be defined based on other criteria such as yield, dispersion, etc. Throughput can be determined by estimating the C/I of a node, converting the estimated C/I into spectral efficiency based on a capacity function, and multiplying the spectral efficiency by the operating bandwidth. The dispersion of a base station may comprise interference due to the base station on UEs not served by the base station. A metric for a base station may comprise signal/spread ratio (SLR), a geometry/spread ratio (GLR), or a transfer rate/spread ratio (TLR).
[0046] In some designs, association rules may be defined based on a single criterion such as received power, or path loss, or long-term channel gain, or C/I, or some other criterion, as described above. In other projects, association rules can be defined based on a combination of criteria.
[0047] In a project, association rules can be defined based on a combination of path loss and channel difference. UE 120x may associate with the UE 120y pair and communicate point-to-point if (i) the path loss to UE 120y is less than the path loss to base station 110y and (ii) the channel difference is greater (or less) than a threshold. The channel difference criterion can ensure that the UEs with good coverage from the base stations have a greater tendency towards WAN membership instead of the UE pair.
[0048] In another design, association rules can be defined based on a combination of received power and channel difference. In general, association rules can be defined based on any combination of criteria, which can include received power, or path loss, or channel difference, or C/I, or a combination thereof.
[0049] Whether P2P communication provides performance benefits over WAN communication may depend on (i) the channel quality of the direct/P2P link between the UEs and (ii) the channel quality of the WAN links between the UEs and their server base stations. Association rules based on the channel quality of the P2P link and WAN links can provide performance benefits.
[0050] In a project, association can be performed jointly for both downlink and uplink. For example, UE 120x may make a decision to join the WAN or UE 120y for both downlink and uplink communication. In another design, the association can be performed separately for the downlink and for the uplink. For example, UE 120x may make a decision to join the WAN for downlink communication and to join the UE 120y pair for uplink communication.
[0051] In the projects described above, association can be performed by a UE to determine whether to associate to the WAN or a UE pair. In other designs, the association may be performed by a network entity such as a base station or relay station. The network entity may receive pertinent information from a UE for which the association is performed and may make an association decision for the UE based on any of the association rules described above. The network entity can explicitly or implicitly signal the association decision to the UE.
[0052] Interference coordination between WAN and P2P UEs can be performed to ensure good performance. Interference coordination can include two components. First, if the P2P transmissions are sent on the same frequency used by the WAN, then the P2P transmissions will cause interference to the WAN transmissions, and vice versa. The severity of this interference may depend on channel conditions and may require resource coordination to assign orthogonal resources to the interfering WAN and P2P nodes. Interference coordination between the WAN and the P2P nodes can be avoided by having the P2P nodes operating on an exclusive frequency or with semi-statically configured/allocated resources where the WAN is not active. Second, interference coordination between P2P nodes can be performed since P2P transmissions can vigorously interfere with each other. This can be achieved by performing resource coordination to assign orthogonal resources to interfering groups of P2P nodes. Interference coordination between P2P nodes may be required regardless of whether P2P transmissions are sent on the same frequency used by the WAN or on a unique frequency.
[0053] Association and resource allocation for interference coordination can be performed separately (possibly by different entities). Association and resource allocation can also be performed together as association decisions typically affect resource allocation and vice versa. Resource association and allocation can also be performed together by computing the appropriate metric for possible different resource association and allocation scenarios and then selecting the scenario with the best metric.
[0054] Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a device design 300 supporting association. Apparatus 300 may be part of a UE or some other entity. Within apparatus 300, a pair detection module 312 can process a received signal to detect the presence of a pair of UEs and can provide information (e.g., a UE identity (ID)) for each detected UE pair. A measurement module 314 can perform measurements (e.g., for received power, C/I, etc.) for each detected UE pair based on a P2P signal received from that UE pair. A metric computing module 316 may compute one or more metrics (e.g., for received power, path loss, short-term or long-term C/I, long-term channel gain, etc.) for each UE pair detected based on measurements for that UE pair.
[0055] Similarly, a cell search module 322 can process the received signal to detect the presence of base stations and can provide information (eg, a cell ID) for each detected base station. A measurement module 324 can make measurements for each detected base station based on a WAN signal received from that base station. A metric computing module 326 may compute one or more metrics for each base station detected based on measurements for that base station.
[0056] An association decision module 330 may receive the metric for the detected pair of UEs from the module 316 and the metric for the base stations detected from the module 326. The module 330 may make a decision whether associate to the WAN or a UE pair based on the metric for the UE pair and the base station. Module 330 may provide the association decision to communication modules 332 and 342. Module 332 may communicate peer-to-peer with a UE pair if UE pair association is selected. The 342 module can communicate through a base station if WAN membership is selected.
[0057] Figure 4A shows a design of a process 400 to perform association. Process 400 may be performed by a first UE (as described below) or by some other entity (e.g., a base station). The first UE can discover a UE pair, for example, through a pair discovery process (for example, 412). The first UE may determine a first metric for the UE pair (block 414) and may also determine a second metric for a base station on a WAN (block 416). The base station can be a macro base station, or a femto base station, or a pico base station, or a relay station, etc. The first UE may decide whether to perform association to the UE pair for P2P communication or to the WAN for communication via the base station based on the first and second metric (block 418).
[0058] Referring to Figures 4B-C, operations or additional aspects of method 400 are shown that are optional and can be performed by a UE or the like. If method 400 includes at least one block of Figures 4B-4C, then method 400 may terminate after the at least one block, without necessarily having to include any subsequent downstream block(s) that may be illustrated. It is further noted that the block numbers do not signify a specific order in which blocks can be performed according to method 400. For example, with reference to Figure 4B, in a block design 414, the first UE may receive a P2P signal from the UE pair (block 420), perform measurements of the received power of the P2P signal (block 422), and determine the first metric based on the measurement (block 424). The first UE may determine the second metric for the base station in a similar manner at block 416.
[0059] In a design of blocks 414 and 416, the first metric can be determined based on the received power of the UE pair on the first UE, and the second metric can be determined based on the power received from the base station on the first UE ( block 430). In another design, the first metric can be determined based on the path loss between the UE pair and the first UE, and the second metric can be determined based on the path loss between the base station and the first UE (block 432 ). In yet another design, the first metric can be determined based on a long-term channel gain for the UE pair, and the second metric can be determined based on a long-term channel gain for the base station (block 434 ). In yet another design, the first metric can be determined based on a C/I of the UE pair on the first UE, and the second metric can be determined based on a C/I of the base station on the first UE (block 436) . In general, the first metric can be determined based on the channel quality related measurements for the UE pair, and the second metric can be determined based on the channel quality related measurements for the base station (block 438).
[0060] Referring to Figure 4C, in a project, the first metric or the second metric can be determined based on an offset (block 440). The offset can be selected to favor association with the UE pair over the WAN (block 442). Alternatively, the offset can be selected to favor WAN membership across the UE pair (block 444). The offset can be configured for the first UE, or broadcast by the base station or WAN, or specified (for example, in a pattern), or obtained in other ways. In general, the first UE can receive a parameter from the WAN and can determine the first metric and/or the second metric based on the parameter.
[0061] In one design, the first UE may determine a channel difference indicative of the difference between a long-term channel gain for the UE pair and a long-term channel gain for the base station (block 450). The first UE can decide whether to join the UE pair or the WAN additionally based on the channel difference. For example, the first and second metric can relate to path loss. The first UE can join the UE pair if (i) the path loss between the two UEs is less than the path loss between the base station and the first UE and (ii) the channel difference is greater than a limit. The first UE may otherwise join the WAN (block 452).
[0062] In another design, the first UE can determine a long-term C/I of the UE pair and a long-term C/I of the base station (block 460). The first UE may decide to join the UE pair or the WAN further based on the UE pair's long-term C/I and the base station's long-term C/I (block 462).
[0063] In general, any metric number can be determined based on any number of criteria for each UE and base station pair and can be used to make association decision.
[0064] In accordance with one or more aspects of the embodiments described herein, devices and apparatus are provided for distributed DFS, as described above with reference to Figures 4A-C. Referring to Figure 6 , an exemplary apparatus 600 is provided which can be configured as a mobile entity (e.g. UE or the like), or as a processor or similar device/component for internal use. Apparatus 600 may include function blocks that may represent functions implemented by a processor, software, or a combination thereof (e.g., firmware). For example, apparatus 600 may include an electrical component or module 612 for discovering a UE pair. Apparatus 600 may include a component 614 for determining a first metric for the UE pair. Apparatus 600 may include a component 616 for determining a second metric for a base station on a WAN. Apparatus 600 may include a component 618 for deciding whether to associate with the UE pair for P2P communication or the WAN for communication via the base station, based on the first and second metric.
[0065] In related aspects, the apparatus 600 may optionally include a processor component 650 having at least one processor, in the case of the apparatus 600 configured as a mobile entity (e.g. UE) rather than a processor. Processor 650, in such a case, may be in operative communication with components 612-618 via a bus 652 or similar communication coupling. Processor 650 may perform initiation and programming of processes or functions performed by electrical components 612-618.
[0066] In further related aspects, apparatus 600 may include a radio transceiver component 654. A standalone receiver and/or standalone transmitter may be used instead of, or in conjunction with, transceiver 654. Apparatus 600 may optionally include a component for storing information, such as, for example, a memory device/component 656. The computer readable medium or memory component 656 may be operatively coupled to other components of apparatus 600 via bus 652 or the like. Memory component 656 may be adapted to store computer-readable instructions and data to perform the process and behavior of components 612-618, and its subcomponents, or of processor 650, or the methods described herein. Memory component 656 may retain instructions to perform functions associated with components 612-618. Although shown as being external to memory 656, it should be understood that components 612-618 may exist within memory 656. It is further noted that the components in Figure 6 may comprise processors, electronic devices, hardware devices, electronic subcomponents, logic circuits, memories, software codes, firmware codes, etc., or any combination thereof.
[0067] Figure 5 shows a block diagram of a design of a base station/eNB 110 and a UE 120, which may be one of the base stations/eNBs and one of the UEs in Figure 1. The base station 110 may be equipped with T antennas 534a to 534t, and the UE 120 can be equipped with R antennas 552a to 552r, where in general T^1 and R^1.
[0068] At base station 110, a transmission processor 520 may receive data from a data source 512 for one or more UEs and control information from a controller/processor 540. Processor 520 may process (e.g. , encode and modulate) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. Processor 520 may also generate reference symbols for synchronization signals, reference signals, etc. A transmission (TX) multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) processor 530 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and/or reference, if applicable, and can provide T streams of output symbols for T modulators (MODs) 532a to 532t. Each modulator 532 may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 532 may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The T downlink signals from modulators 532a to 532t can be transmitted via T antennas 534a to 534t, respectively.
[0069] At the UE 120, antennas 552a to 552r can receive the downlink signals from the base station 110, downlink signals from other base stations and/or P2P signals from other UEs and can provide the received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 554a to 554r, respectively. Each demodulator 554 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a respective received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator 554 may additionally process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 556 can obtain the received symbols from all R demodulators 554a to 554r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide the detected symbols. A receiving processor 558 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded traffic data to the UE 120 for a data store 560, and provide decoded control data and system information to a controller/processor. 580.
[0070] On the uplink, at UE 120, a transmit processor 564 may receive data from a data source 562 and control information from controller/processor 580. Processor 564 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) the control and data information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. Processor 564 may also generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals, etc. Symbols from transmission processor 564 may be pre-encoded by a TX MIMO processor 566 if applicable, further processed by modulators 554a to 554r (e.g. for SC-FDM, OFDM, etc.), and transmitted to the base station 110, other base stations, and/or other UEs. At base station 110, uplink signals from UE 120 and other UEs may be received by antennas 534, processed by demodulators 532, detected by a MIMO detector 536 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 538, to obtain decoded data, and control information, sent by the UE 120, and other UEs. Processor 538 may provide decoded data to data store 539 and decoded control information to controller/processor 540.
[0071] The controllers/processors, 540 and 580, may direct the operation at base station 110 and UE 120, respectively. Processor 580 and/or other processors and modules at UE 120 may perform processing for UE 120x in Figure 2. Processor 580 and/or other processors and modules at UE 120 may also implement various modules in Figure 3. Processor 580 and/or other processors and modules in the UE 120 may perform or direct the process 400 in Figures 4A-C and/or other processes for the techniques described herein. Memories 542 and 582 may store program codes and data for base station 110 and UE 120, respectively. A scheduler 546 may schedule the UEs for data transmission on the downlink and/or uplink.
[0072] In one embodiment, apparatus 120 for wireless communication may include mechanisms for discovering a UE pair via a first UE, means for determining a first metric for the UE pair, means for determining a second metric for a station based on a WAN, and mechanisms to decide whether to join the UE pair for P2P communication or a WAN for communication through the base station, based on the first and second metric.
[0073] In one aspect, the aforementioned mechanisms may be processors 580 and/or other processors in the UE 120, which may be configured to perform the aforementioned functions by the aforementioned mechanisms. In another aspect, the aforementioned means may be one or more modules or any apparatus configured to perform the aforementioned functions by the aforementioned mechanisms.
[0074] Those skilled in the art would understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that can be referred to throughout the above description can be represented throughout the above description, by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0075] Those skilled in the art would appreciate that various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the present description may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints imposed on the system as a whole. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functionality in a variety of ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as departing from the scope of the present description.
[0076] The various logic blocks, modules, and illustrative circuits described in connection with the present description can be implemented or realized with a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but alternatively, the processor can be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors together with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0077] The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the present description may be incorporated directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information thereon. Alternatively, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The ASIC can reside on a user terminal. In the alternative, the processor and storage medium may reside as discrete components on a user terminal.
[0078] In one or more exemplary designs, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, functions may be stored in, or transmitted through, one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer readable media includes both storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not by way of limitation, such computer readable media may comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM, or other optical disk storage device, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage, or any other medium that may be used to transport or store desired program code mechanisms in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Furthermore, any connection is aptly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a network site, server or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio and microwave are included in the definition of medium. Disc (disk and disc), as used herein, includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray disc where discs (disk) normally reproduce data magnetically, while discs (disc) reproduce the data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above must also be included in the scope of computer readable media.
[0079] The foregoing description of the description is provided to enable those skilled in the art to carry out or use the description. Various modifications to the description will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the inventive concept or scope of the description. Thus, the description is not intended to be limited to the examples and projects described here, but should be given the broadest scope compatible with the novel principles and features described here.

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[0001]
1. Method (400) operable by a first user equipment, UE (120x), for wireless communication, characterized in that it comprises: discovering (412) a pair UE (120y); determining (414) a first metric for point-to-point, P2P, communication with the UE pair; determining (416) a second metric for a base station (110y) in a wireless area network (100); apply (440) different deviations to the first and second metrics to generate a first fitted metric and a second fitted metric, where the different deviations create a skewed association for the UE pair (120y) or for the wide area cellular network (100 ); and deciding (418) whether to associate with UE pair (120y) for P2P communication or base station (110y) for wide area cellular network communication based on the first and second set metrics.
[0002]
Method (400) according to claim 1, characterized in that determining the first metric comprises: receiving (420) a P2P signal from the UE pair (120y); performing (422) measurements of the received power of the received P2P signal; and determining (424) the first metric based on the measurements.
[0003]
Method (400) according to claim 1, characterized in that determining (430) the first metric comprises determining the first metric based on the received power of the UE pair (120y) at the first UE (120x), and wherein determining the second metric comprises determining (430) the second metric based on the power received from the base station (110y) at the first UE (120x).
[0004]
Method (400) according to claim 1, characterized in that determining the first metric comprises determining (432) the first metric based on the path loss between the pair UE (120y) and the first UE (120x), and wherein determining the second metric comprises determining (432) the second metric based on the path loss between the base station (110y) and the first UE (120x).
[0005]
The method (400) of claim 1, wherein determining the first metric comprises determining (434) the first metric based on an average long-term channel gain for the UE pair (120y), and wherein determining the second metric comprises determining (434) the second metric based on an average long term channel gain for the base station (110y).
[0006]
Method (400) according to claim 1, characterized in that determining the first metric comprises determining (436) the first metric based on a carrier/interference, C/I, ratio of the UE pair (120y) in the first UE (120x), and wherein determining the second metric comprises determining (436) the second metric based on a C/I of the base station (110y) at the first UE (120x).
[0007]
Method (400) according to claim 1, characterized in that determining the first metric comprises determining (438) the first metric based on measurements related to channel quality for the UE pair (120y), and wherein determining the The second metric comprises determining (438) the second metric based on measurements related to channel quality for the base station (110y).
[0008]
Method (400) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first metric or the second metric is determined based on an offset selected to favor association with the UE pair (120y) with respect to the base station (110y), or wherein the first or second metric is determined based on an offset selected to favor association with the base station (110y) through the UE pair (120y).
[0009]
A method (400) as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: receiving a parameter from the base station (110y); and determining the first metric, or the second metric, or both based on the parameter received from the base station (110y).
[0010]
The method (400) of claim 1, further comprising determining (450) a channel difference indicative of a difference between an average long-term channel gain for the UE pair (120y) and a gain of medium long term channel to the base station (110y), wherein the association to the UE pair (120y) or to the wide area cellular network (100) is decided also based on the channel difference.
[0011]
Method (400) according to claim 10, characterized in that the first metric refers to the path loss between the pair UE (120y) and the first UE (120x), wherein the second metric refers to the path loss between the base station (110y) and the first UE (120x), and where the decision whether to associate with the UE pair (120y) or the base station (110y) comprises: associate (452) with the UE pair (120y) if the path loss between the pair UE (120y) and the first UE (120x) is less than the path loss between the base station (110y) and the first UE (120x) and additionally if the channel difference is greater than a limit; and associating with base station (110y) if association with UE pair (120y) is not selected.
[0012]
The method (400) of claim 1, further comprising: determining (460) an average long-term carrier/interference, C/I, ratio of the UE pair (120y); determining (460) an average long term C/I of the base station (110y); and decide (462) whether to associate with the UE pair (120y) or the base station (110y) based also on the UE pair's (120y) average long-term C/I and the station's average long-term C/I base (110y).
[0013]
Method (400) according to claim 1, characterized in that the base station (110y) comprises one of a macro base station, a femto base station, a pico base station and a relay station.
[0014]
14. Apparatus (600) for wireless communication, characterized in that it comprises: mechanisms (612) for discovering a user equipment pair, UE (120y); mechanisms (614) for determining a first metric for point-to-point, P2P, communication with the UE pair (120y); mechanisms for determining (616) a second metric for a base station (110y) in a wireless area network (100); mechanisms for applying (440) different biases to the first and second metrics to generate a first fitted metric and a second fitted metric, wherein the different biases create a biased association for the UE pair (120y) or the wide area cellular network (100); and mechanisms (618) for deciding whether to associate with UE pair (120y) for P2P communication or base station (110y) for wide area cellular network communication based on the first and second adjusted metrics.
[0015]
15. Memory characterized by comprising instructions for causing a computer to perform the steps of the method as defined in any one of claims 1 to 13.

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法律状态:
2018-03-27| B15K| Others concerning applications: alteration of classification|Ipc: H04W 76/14 (2018.01) |

2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

2020-03-31| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

2020-03-31| B15K| Others concerning applications: alteration of classification|Free format text: A CLASSIFICACAO ANTERIOR ERA: H04W 76/14 Ipc: H04W 76/14 (2018.01), H04W 76/10 (2018.01) |

2021-06-08| B350| Update of information on the portal [chapter 15.35 patent gazette]|

2021-07-27| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|

2021-11-03| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

2022-01-04| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 16/11/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. PATENTE CONCEDIDA CONFORME ADI 5.529/DF, QUE DETERMINA A ALTERACAO DO PRAZO DE CONCESSAO. |

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